Multiflora Rose (Rosa multiflora)

ABOUT THIS PLANT

Multiflora Rose (Rosa multiflora) was introduced from Japan in 1866 to be used as rootstock for grafted ornamental rose cultivars due to its spreading root system. In the 1930's the U.S Soil Conservation Service began using it as erosion control and as natural fencing for livestock. In the 1960's some conservationists began discouraging the distribution of the plant due to its potential for invasion, however planting and sale of the it was supported by many natural resource professionals who recommended it as a viable food source and habitat cover Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus), Pheasant (Phasianus colichus), and Cottontail rabbit (Sylviagus floridanus). In 2009 it was placed on the Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List.

HOW TO IDENTIFY

Leaf: The leaf is pinnate with 5-11 toothed leaflets. It is identifiable from other roses by a fringed, hairy stipule at the base of the leaf.

Fruit/Flower: The flower is a fragrant, five petaled white flower that grows in a panicle. The fruit is a small, cylindrical red rose hip.

Growth form: Multiflora rose creates large, dense, thorny thickets. It can become densely intertwined with the branches of other plants. The stem has curved thorns.

Above: Fringed stipule on Multiflora rose

Life History

Flowering and Fruiting Period: Multiflora rose flowers from May to late June. Fruit appears in August and persists through winter.

Multiflora rose seeds may remain viable in the soil for up to 20 years. Consistent efforts to maintain areas previously cleared of multiflora rose is important for successful management.

REMOVAL

Multiflora rose is best managed through full root removal, followed by repeated hand pulling. The stems are woody and need to be chipped for proper disposal. When possible, remove Multiflora rose before it fruits in August. Due to its persistence into winter, it becomes a seasonal food source for deer and non-migratory birds.